Chillers are essential cooling systems designed to remove heat from liquids via vapor-compression, adsorption, or absorption refrigeration cycles. The cooled liquid is then circulated through a heat exchanger to lower the temperature of equipment or process streams, ensuring optimal performance and preventing overheating. Key components of a chiller include the compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator, which work together to effectively dissipate heat.

There are three primary types of industrial chillers categorized by their condenser cooling methods: air-cooled, water-cooled, and evaporative condensed chillers. Air-cooled chillers use ambient air to dissipate heat, making them suitable for environments where water is scarce. Water-cooled chillers utilize water from external towers to cool the refrigerant, offering higher efficiency in humid climates. Evaporative condensed chillers combine both air and water cooling methods, providing efficient cooling in various conditions.